In novae, a thermonuclear explosion occurs over the entire surface of the star and the intensely bright light from this blast can be seen for weeks. Two micronovae were from already known white dwarfs, but the third needed more observations with the X-Shooter instrument on the European Southern Observatory's (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) for its white dwarf status to be confirmed. They have since observed three micronovae using the satellite, which is normally used to look for planets outside of our solar system. The researchers first came across the unusual micronovae when they noticed a bright flash of light lasting for a short time while analysing data from Nasa's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). 'These events may actually be quite common, but because they are so fast they are difficult to catch in action.'
'It just goes to show how dynamic the universe is. 'We thought we knew this, but this discovery proposes a totally new way to achieve them. 'The phenomenon challenges our understanding of how thermonuclear explosions in stars occur. Lead author Dr Simone Scaringi, in the Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University, said: 'We have discovered and identified for the first time what we are calling a micronova. Throughout history there are numerous accounts of new stars being seen by astronomers which we now call novae. While micronovae are extremely powerful, they are small on astronomical scales compared to novae and supernovae, which are extremely bright and have been known about for centuries. This matter is then either incorporated into the star or expelled out into a wider disc that will lead to the formation of planets, moons, comets and asteroids.Īn international team of researchers, led by Durham University, observed the phenomenon in three white dwarfs – the remnants of dead stars – as they fed in each case on a companion star. The excess material is ejected out towards the poles of the star and a disc of gas and dust is formed around the star, forming a proto-star. Then, over the next 50,000 years this will contract 92 billion miles across to become the inner core of a star. If enough gas and dust come together in one area then it begins to collapse under the weight of its own gravity.Īs it begins to collapse it slowly gets hotter and expands outwards, taking in more of the surrounding gas and dust.Īt this point, when the region is about 900 billion miles across, it becomes a pre-stellar core and the starting process of becoming a star. They undergo turbulent motion with the gas and dust moving over time, disturbing the atoms and molecules causing some regions to have more matter than other parts.
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